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Formal
name:
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Short name: Pakistan
Term of Citizens: Pakistani
Capital: Islamabad
Date of independence: August 14, 1947
Area: 796,100 square
kilometers
Time: GMT+5
Topography: Apart
from the irrigated plains
of Sindh and Punjab, Pakistan
is largely barren mountains
and arid plateaus. The three
of the world�s greatest mountain
ranges, the Hindukush, the
Himalayas and the Karakorams
dominate in the North. The
longest river is Indus (2,896
Kms), which enters into Pakistan
through Ladakh and Kashmir.
Climate: Continental
characterized by extreme
variations of temperature.
Population: 135.28 million in 1998,
the ninth largest in the world and rising
at 2.7% a year. The rural population is
about 80% whereas rest of 20% is urban.
Per capita income: US$ 460.00
Language: Urdu is National language
whereas all the provinces have their regional
languages as well. English is used extensively
in official and commercial circles, Courts
of Law and is the medium of instruction
for higher education.
Religion: Muslims are about 95%
(80% Sunni & 20% Shia), Christians
are 02% of the total population whereas
rest of the 03% covers Hindus, Sikhs, Parsees,
Bahas, Buddhists and tiny group of Kalash
living in Chitral Valley.
Education: Compulsory up to 05 years,
however, there are about 25 Government
Universities for higher education in various
modern disciplines besides 10 others being
run by the private sector. Literacy rate
is 38.9%.
Economy:
Agriculture (Major Crops): Wheat, Cotton, Rice, Millet, Maize, Barley,
Pulses, Sugar Cane, Oil seeds, Tobacco
Industry (Major Industries): Cotton Yarn, Textile Manufacture,
Light Engineering, Food processing, Cement, Pharmaceuticals,
Leather and Rubber.
Energy: Hydro-electric generation, Natural gas
and oil
Remittances (Money sent from Abroad): The
1.5 million Pakistanis working abroad send
home about US$ 1,500 million dollars annually.
Currencty: Pak. Rupee (PKR)
Ecology: Drinking Water & Pollution
are the hot issues.
Health: Basic health facilities
are free of charge in Government�s hospitals.
Modern hospitals are also available in
almost all the major towns.
Culture: Land of ancient and rich
culture with lots of historical monuments,
traditional handicrafts and enormous variety
of foods. People are culturally homogenous
Major cities: Faisalabad, Hyderabad,
Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Multan,
Quetta & Rawalpindi.
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USEFUL
URDU PHRASES
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ENGLISH
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URDU
(Pronunciation)
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ENGLISH
|
URDU
(Pronunciation)
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1
|
Ek
|
1.5
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Dehr
|
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2
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Doh
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2.5
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Dhai
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3
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Teen
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4
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Char
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5
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Paanch
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6
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Chhe
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7
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Saath
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8
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Aath
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9
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Naw
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10
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Dus
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11
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Gyara
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12
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Bara
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13
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Tera
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14
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Chawda
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15
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Pandra
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20
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Bees
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25
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Pachees
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30
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Tees
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40
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Chalees
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50
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Pachaas
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100
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Ek
Saw
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2,000
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Doh
Hazar
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100,000
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Ek
Lakh
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10
Million
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Ek
Crore
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Hello
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Asalaam
alay kum
|
Reply
Hello
|
Waalay
kum as salaam
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How
are you
|
Aapka
Kya hal heyh?
|
I
am well
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Theekh
heyh
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What
is your name
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Aapka
naam kya heyh
|
Do
you speak English
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Kya
aap angrezi boltay heyn
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|
I
am English
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Meyn
angrez hun
|
Which
way to Lahore
|
Lahore
kiss taraf heyh
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How
much is this
|
Yehy
kitne ky heyh
|
Thank
you
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Shukria
|
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Good
Bye
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Khuda
Haafiz
|
Yes
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Ji
haan, haanji or haan
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No
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Naheen
|
Okay/Good
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Achhaa
|
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When
|
Kub
|
Three
o'clock
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Teen
bajay
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Morning
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Subha
|
Evening
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Shaam
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Go/going
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Jao/Jaana
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Near
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Nazdeek
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Far
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Dur
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Food
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Khana
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To
eat food
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Khana
khana
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To
drink
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Peena
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Meat
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Gosht
|
Beef
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Gai
ka gosht
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Goat
meat
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Bakri
ka gosht
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Chicken
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Murghi
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Fish
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Machhli
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Egg
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Anda
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Vegetable
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Subzi
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Potato
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Aalu
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Spinach
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Palak
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Lentils
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Daal
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Rice
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Chavel
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Bread
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Roti,
naan, chapati
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Baked
bread
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Double
roti
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Yoghurt
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Dahi
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Water
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Pani
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Tea
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Chai
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Salt
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Namak
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Sugar
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Cheeni
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Home/house
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Ghar/makaan
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Bed
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Palang,
charpai
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Blanket
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Kambal
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Pillow
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Takya
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Sheet
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Chader
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Fan
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Pankha
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Candle
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Mombutti
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Hot
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Garam
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Cold
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Thanda
(m) Thandi (f)
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Small
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Chhota
(m) Chhoti (f)
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Big
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Burha
(m) Burhi (f)
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Clean
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Saaf
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GENERAL
INFORMATION
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Clothing
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Culture
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Ecology
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State
System
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Traditions
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Administrative
Structure
The
Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a federal state with the following
territories:
a) The
provinces of Punjab, Sindh, North-West Frontier
and Baluchistan
b) The
Federal Capital
Territory
of Islamabad
c) The
Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA) divided into ten
administrative divisions known
as Tribal Agencies.
Baluchistan
is the largest province with an area of 347,190 square kilometers
followed by Punjab, Sindh, North-West Frontier, FATA and Federal
Capital respectively.
Climate As
Pakistan is located on a great landmass north of Tropic of Cancer,
between latitudes 24 and 37 N, it has a continental type of climate,
characterized by extreme variations of temperature. The four
well-marked seasons in Pakistan are:
- Cold
Season (December to March)
- Hot
Season (April to June)
- Monsoon
Season (July to September)
- Post-Monsoon
Season (October to November)
Cold
season is characterized by fine weather, bracing air, low humidity
and large diurnal range of temperature. Average minimum and maximum
temperatures are 4�C and 18�C. The winter sun is glorious.
The hot season is usually dry. Relative humidity in May and June
varies from 50 percent in the morning to 25 per cent or less in
the afternoon. The temperature soars to 40�C and beyond. The temperature
along the sea Coast Ranges between 25�C to 35�C, but the humidity
persists around 70 to 80 per cent.
The
southwest monsoon reaches Pakistan towards the beginning of July
and establishes itself by the middle of the month. The monsoon
remains steady, and starts retreating towards the end of August,
though occasionally it continues to be active in September.
During
the Post-Monsoon season the maximum temperature is of the order
of 34�C to 37�C all over Pakistan, while the nights are fairly
cool with minimum temperature around 16�C. In the month of November,
both the maximum and minimum temperatures fall by about 6�C and
weather becomes pleasant. October and November are by far the
driest months all over the plains of Pakistan.
Pakistan
experiences a general deficiency of rainfall. Although the country
is in the monsoon region, it is arid, except for the southern
slopes of the Himalayas and the sub-mountainous tracts, which
have a rainfall from 76 to 127 cm. Baluchistan is the driest
part of the country with an average rainfall of 21 cm.
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MONTHLY
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AT DIFFERENT PLACES IN PAKISTAN
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PLACES
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JAN
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FEB
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MAR
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APR
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MAY
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JUN
|
JUL
|
AUG
|
SEP
|
OCT
|
NOV
|
DEC
|
| |
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
F
|
C
|
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CHITRAL
|
39
|
4
|
42
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6
|
51
|
11
|
59
|
15
|
68
|
20
|
80
|
27
|
83
|
28
|
82
|
28
|
73
|
23
|
61
|
16
|
51
|
11
|
43
|
6
|
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GILGIT
|
38
|
3
|
45
|
7
|
49
|
9
|
60
|
16
|
64
|
18
|
76
|
24
|
81
|
27
|
81
|
27
|
72
|
22
|
61
|
16
|
49
|
9
|
40
|
5
|
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HUNZA
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36
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2
|
38
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3
|
41
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5
|
50
|
10
|
57
|
14
|
68
|
20
|
73
|
23
|
73
|
23
|
64
|
18
|
57
|
14
|
50
|
10
|
41
|
5
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KAGHAN
VALLEY
|
45
|
7
|
50
|
10
|
57
|
14
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67
|
19
|
79
|
26
|
82
|
28
|
79
|
26
|
76
|
24
|
74
|
23
|
67
|
19
|
58
|
14
|
51
|
11
|
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KARACHI
|
64
|
18
|
68
|
20
|
76
|
24
|
83
|
28
|
87
|
30
|
88
|
31
|
86
|
30
|
84
|
39
|
83
|
28
|
76
|
24
|
75
|
24
|
67
|
19
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LAHORE
|
54
|
12
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59
|
15
|
69
|
20
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80
|
26
|
89
|
31
|
93
|
34
|
90
|
32
|
88
|
31
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86
|
30
|
78
|
25
|
61
|
16
|
57
|
14
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MULTAN
|
55
|
13
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60
|
15
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71
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21
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81
|
27
|
91
|
32
|
96
|
35
|
95
|
35
|
90
|
32
|
89
|
32
|
77
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25
|
66
|
19
|
57
|
14
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MURREE
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37
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3
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40
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5
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47
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8
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56
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13
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65
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18
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70
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21
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67
|
19
|
66
|
19
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63
|
17
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57
|
14
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50
|
10
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42
|
6
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PESHAWAR
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51
|
11
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56
|
13
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63
|
17
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73
|
23
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79
|
26
|
91
|
32
|
91
|
32
|
87
|
30
|
84
|
29
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